应用AMSU-B微波资料识别强对流云区的研究

方翔; 邱红; 曹志强; 王新; 洪刚

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DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2008.03.004

气象:2008,34(3):22-29

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应用AMSU-B微波资料识别强对流云区的研究

方翔^1,2, 邱红³, 曹志强³, 王新¹, 洪刚¹

(1.北京大学物理学院大气科学系，北京，100871;2. 中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室国家卫星气象中心;3.中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室国家卫星气象中心)

Research on Severe Convective Cloud Identification by Using AMSU B Microwave Data

Fang Xiang^1,2, Qiu Hong³, Cao Zhiqiang³, Wang Xin¹, Hong Gang¹

(1.Atmospheric Department of Peking University, Beijing 100871;2.Key Labora tory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, C hina Meteorological Administration, National Satellite Meteorological Center;3.Key Labora tory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, C hina Meteorological Administration, National Satellite Meteorological Center)

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投稿时间：2007-11-29 修订日期：2008-01-24

中文摘要: 微波遥感可以穿透云顶直接探测对流云内的冰态粒子分布，受冰晶粒子的强烈散射衰减作用，AMSU B的3个微波水汽吸收波段亮温随冰粒子的增加而降低。由于探测权重高度不同，辐射传输过程中受冰粒子的散射影响也不尽相同，3个水汽通道之间存在亮温差异，这种差异与对流云的强弱密切相关。 利用微波向量辐射传输模式（VDISORT）模拟了云雨粒子对微波水汽通道观测的影响，并利用2005年8月12日华北地区的对流天气过程，分析了AMSU B通道亮温与对流强弱变化之间的对应关系。在此基础上，建立了一种利用NOAA卫星AMSU B水汽通道亮温差定量判识深对流云和冲顶对流云的方法。利用该方法对典型对流降水云团进行判识，结果显示，微波识别的对流云区可以较好地表征强降水的分布，其中的冲顶对流区与可见光云系的上冲云顶结构有着很好的对应。

中文关键词: 气象卫星对流微波水汽通道

Abstract:Microwave remote sensing has a unique ability to penetrate the clouds and get th e distribution of ice. The brightness temperatures of the AMSU B three channels near to the water vapor absorption line have high sensitivity to frozen hydrome teors in convective cloud systems. As the ice contents ascend, the brightness te mperatures descend due to the ice scattering attenuation. Especially, the brightness temperature differences between the three channels ar e suggested as a criterion to detect the deep convective clouds. Based on the simulation of the influence of the water vapor, cloud and precipita tion particles on the three microwave brightness temperatures, and by analyzing the convective synoptic process occurred on 12 August 2005, the relationship bet ween the brightness temperatures and the convective intensity is studied. Furthe rmore, a measurable method is developed to estimate and identify the deep convec tive clouds and convective overshooting. This method is employed to investigate some typical convective systems. The results show that the convective cloud iden tified by AMSU B data well corresponds to the precipitation area, and even the convective overshooting region corresponds to the overshooting clouds structure.

keywords: meteorological satellite convection microwave water vapor channel

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基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划“多源卫星资料强对流监测与追踪方法研究（2006AA12Z106）国家基础研究项目基金“我国南方致洪暴雨监测与预测的理论和方法研究”（2004CB418305）资助

作者	单位
方翔	北京大学物理学院大气科学系，北京，100871  中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室国家卫星气象中心
邱红	中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室国家卫星气象中心
曹志强	中国气象局中国遥感卫星辐射测量和定标重点开放实验室国家卫星气象中心
王新	北京大学物理学院大气科学系，北京，100871
洪刚	北京大学物理学院大气科学系，北京，100871

Author Name	Affiliation
Fang Xiang	Atmospheric Department of Peking University, Beijing 100871 Key Labora tory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, C hina Meteorological Administration, National Satellite Meteorological Center
Qiu Hong	Key Labora tory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, C hina Meteorological Administration, National Satellite Meteorological Center
Cao Zhiqiang	Key Labora tory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, C hina Meteorological Administration, National Satellite Meteorological Center
Wang Xin	Atmospheric Department of Peking University, Beijing 100871
Hong Gang	Atmospheric Department of Peking University, Beijing 100871

引用文本：
方翔,邱红,曹志强,王新,洪刚,2008.应用AMSU-B微波资料识别强对流云区的研究[J].气象,34(3):22-29.
Fang Xiang,Qiu Hong,Cao Zhiqiang,Wang Xin,Hong Gang,2008.Research on Severe Convective Cloud Identification by Using AMSU B Microwave Data[J].Meteor Mon,34(3):22-29.