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气象:2014,40(2):186-195
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贵州初夏两次暖区暴雨的对比分析
(1.北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系,北京 100871;2.贵州省气象台,贵阳 550002;3.贵州省气象信息中心,贵阳 550002)
Comparison Analysis of Two Warm Area Torrential Rain Systems in Early Summer in Guizhou
(1.Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871;2.Guizhou Meteorological Observatory, Guiyang 550002;3.Guizhou Meteorological Observatory, Guiyang 550002;4.Guizhou Meteorological Information Centre, Guiyang 550002)
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投稿时间:2013-02-08    修订日期:2013-10-08
中文摘要: 利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°格点再分析资料和FY 2D卫星红外云图云顶亮温TBB资料,对贵州2008年5月25—26日(简称08.05)和2010年6月28—29日(简称10.06)初夏两次暖区暴雨天气过程进行对比分析,探讨两次暴雨发生发展的天气学条件差异。结果表明:暖区暴雨形成时,地面均为热低压控制,地面辐合线加强触发暖区暴雨发生;850 hPa低空急流明显加强,暴雨区位于低空急流左前侧。所不同的是:两次暴雨过程中高层影响天气系统不同,08.05暴雨中层影响系统为高原槽,10.06暴雨中层影响系统为两高切变低涡,高层为南亚高压脊。08.05暴雨过程中,多个β中尺度对流单体独立发展逐渐合并为一个α中尺度对流系统,对流云发展旺盛、伸展高度较高、具有混合相层和暖云层剖面结构,属于积状云为主的混合降水。10.06暴雨,经历了两次β中尺度对流系统的发展和减弱,对流云团呈东北—西南向的带状和椭圆状,对流发展高度较低,具有深厚的暖云层,回波在暴雨区持续时间较长,属于层状云和积状云混合降水。通过对两次暴雨触发机制讨论得出,贵州暖区暴雨预报应着眼于影响贵州的低空急流的建立和加强以及地面低压中辐合线的加强锋生。
Abstract:Two warm area heavy rain processes in 25-26 May 2008 (“0805”) and 28-29 June 2010 (“1006”) in Guizhou are analyzed based on the conventional observational data and the NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data. The similar and different features of the two processes in early summer in Guizhou are compard. The results indicate that there is no cold air but warm low pressure near the surface when the two torrential rains occur. The low level jet at 850 hPa enhances obviously, and the heavy rain areas are found in the left front of low level jet. What’s different is that synoptic systems in middle and high levels in the two rain cases are different. In the “0805” heavy rain process the middle level is affected by plateau trough, but in the “1006” heavy rain case the mid level system is the shear vortex between two high pressures while the high level is affected by South Asia high ridge. In the “0805” heavy rain case, several meso β scale convective cells grow up and are combined in to a mesoscale convective syestem (MCS). The convective clouds develop severely. Base reflectivity of vertical cross section of Guiyang Radar shows it has warm cloud layer and mixing liquid phase layer. In the “1006” heavy rain case, the single meso β scale convective cells grow up very quickly, finally into MCS. The convection develops strongly with a deep warm cloud layer. Analyzing their trigger mechanism, it is found that the key points to warm area heavy rain in Guizhou lie in the building and enhancement of the low level jet as well as the enhanced frontogenesis of convergence line in the surface low pressure.
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基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(40965004)和公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306059)共同资助
引用文本:
周明飞,杜小玲,熊伟,2014.贵州初夏两次暖区暴雨的对比分析[J].气象,40(2):186-195.
ZHOU Mingfei,DU Xiaoling,XIONG Wei,2014.Comparison Analysis of Two Warm Area Torrential Rain Systems in Early Summer in Guizhou[J].Meteor Mon,40(2):186-195.