Abstract:The refinement research of the vertical structure of freezing rain and snow is very lacking. To carry out this kind of research, in this paper we extract reflectivity factor and velocity spectrum width as well as the skewness which can reflect phase state of precipitation particles originally from spectrum data observed by vertical point of Ka band millimeter wave radar. After obtaining the falling velocity of precipitation particles through rising air speed, and the mean particles radius in the vertical direction, we analyze the changes in the liquid water content and ice water content in the vertical structure as well as the changes of the particles combined with sounding data and several parameters in the falling process. The results show that echo characteristic of freezing rain is uneven lamellar structure, while the snow’s filar detailed structure is obvious.The initial mean radius of precipitation particles of freezing rain and snow fall distri butes separately near 40 and 120 mm. From the initial precipitation particles to quickly coagulating and forming big particles, freezing raindrops need to go through about 0.2 km in the process. The cloud top is 0.1 km higher than the top of liquid water content and ice water content. The water content within the higher range is small, and the parameters reflecting the change of particles in vertical structure are consistent.