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投稿时间：2014-09-29 修订日期：2015-04-09
投稿时间：2014-09-29 修订日期：2015-04-09
中文摘要: 偏差订正技术是卫星辐射率资料同化的关键技术，目前全球GRAPES变分同化系统采用基于Harris和Kelly考虑扫描角和气团的静态偏差订正方案；但是该方案并没有考虑偏差属性的变化（比如仪器老化、观测数据漂移等问题）。因此，本文基于Harris和Kelly的TOVS辐射偏差订正方案以及国外在数值天气预报系统中对卫星数据提出的偏差订正动态更新概念的基础上，结合GRAPES分析预报系统和国家卫星气象中心的卫星预处理系统的特点以及仪器特征，提出了GRAPES偏差订正动态更新方案，来解决数据的漂移等问题。偏差订正动态更新技术是动态方法的一种，采用变分方法对偏差订正预报因子的系数进行调整。为了检验新方案的效果，设计了试验方案。为期两个月的同化试验结果显示，动态更新方案可以自动、迅速地优化已经退化的偏差订正方程，保持偏差订正的效果，运行稳定，结果令人鼓舞。
中文关键词: 数据漂移， 资料同化， 偏差订正动态更新技术
Abstract:Bias correction is the key technology of data assimilation for satellite radiance data. Currently, global GRAPES variational assimilation system adopts scan bias correction and air mass bias correction based on the consideration of Harris and Kelly (2001). But it did not cover the changes of deviation property (such as instruments or pollution problems). This paper proposed a scheme called online bias correction based on Harris and Kelly’s TOVS radiation error correction scheme and the concept of online bias correction which was put forward for NWP system to solve the problem of data drifting. The scheme considers the characteristics of GRAPES system and the statellite pretreatment system of National Satellite Meteorological Centre of CMA. The online bias correction is an adaptive bias correction system. It uses variational method to adjust the coefficients of predictors. To test the effect of the new scheme, two month long assimilation experiments were carried out. The results show that the online bias correction scheme can optimize the degenerate bias equation automatically and quickly, and keep the effect of bias correction stable.
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基金项目:公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY200906006、GYHY200806003和GYHY201106008)共同资助
引用文本：
王雪曼,李刚,张华,2015.极轨卫星观测偏差订正动态更新技术在GRAPES_3Dvar的应用研究[J].气象,41(7):863-871.
WANG Xueman,LI Gang,ZHANG Hua,2015.Application of Online Bias Correction of Polar Orbit Satellite Observations in GRAPES 3Dvar[J].Meteor Mon,41(7):863-871.
王雪曼,李刚,张华,2015.极轨卫星观测偏差订正动态更新技术在GRAPES_3Dvar的应用研究[J].气象,41(7):863-871.
WANG Xueman,LI Gang,ZHANG Hua,2015.Application of Online Bias Correction of Polar Orbit Satellite Observations in GRAPES 3Dvar[J].Meteor Mon,41(7):863-871.